What are the prerequisites for developing barotrauma?

The development of barotrauma is primarily associated with the presence of a gas-filled space within the body, such as the lungs, sinuses, or ears. When a diver experiences changes in pressure during ascent or descent, the gas in these spaces expands or contracts accordingly. If the equalization of pressure does not occur rapidly enough, it can lead to injury, known as barotrauma.

For instance, during a rapid ascent, the external pressure on the gas-filled space decreases faster than the gas within can escape or equalize. This discrepancy can result in tissue damage or even rupture. Conditions like cold water exposure or prolonged diving time can contribute to the diver’s overall risk but are not direct prerequisites for barotrauma. Understanding that a gas-filled space is vital highlights the fundamental principle of gas behavior under pressure, which is crucial for safe diving practices.